Unraveling the Significance of Growth Factors (TGF-β, PDGF, KGF, FGF, Pro Collagen, VEGF) in the Dynamic of Wound Healing

The wound healing process is an intricate biological phenomenon that requires various crucial components, including repair cells, proteins, and biological factors. The process of wound healing can be categorized into three interrelated stages: the stage of inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Any interruptions during this process can lead to wound healing that deviates from the typical progression. It is crucial to highlight that growth factors have a profoundly influential effect in this particular situation. This study conducts a thorough and analytical literature review to investigate the essential role of growth factors (TGF-β, PDGF, KGF, FGF, Pro Collagen, and VEGF) in wound healing. This study examines the biochemical and molecular mechanisms via which these growth factors impact the wound healing process, including the inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling phases, by analyzing current and authoritative scientific literature. This paper precisely outlines the role of these variables, including the role of the stem cell secretome enriched with growth factors such as TGF-β, PDGF, KGF, FGF, Pro Collagen, VEGF, and exogenous factors, as previously discussed. It explores their impact on tissue regeneration, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix formation, essential components of the wound healing process. The main objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive summary of the latest research findings, which includes an in-depth analysis of the contributions of stem cell secretomes to wound healing. The findings provide useful insights into potential growth factor-based treatment approaches, highlighting how the components of the stem cell secretome can be leveraged to enhance the wound healing process.