A Comprehensive Review of 3D and 4D Bioprinting Techniques and Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration Applications

Material Science, Medicine and Chemistry are research fields that turn us towards the field of biomaterials and tissue engineering. The making of biomaterials for drug delivery, tissue engineering and other medical diagnostics is basically planted on chemistry. Moreover, the physical and chemical properties of materials can also balance the biological responses. In this article, we report the evolution of biomaterials with time, their types and their use in bone tissue engineering. Various polymers which are attractive biomaterials for their potential in biomedical applications have been discussed. Authors have also conversed about 3D Printing as a technology and the whole process of bioprinting. Fore coming biomaterials which can be used for 3D bioprinting and what are the conditions of such materials have also been discussed in brief. Future perspectives on biomaterials, 3D and 4D bio- printing are also mentioned.