Comparative Effects of Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Azadirachta indica and Spondias mombin on the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis of Zidovudine Stress Induced Wistar Rats

Ubah, C. O. and Asuquo, O. R. and Oko, G. E. and Eluwa, M. A. (2018) Comparative Effects of Methanolic Leaf Extracts of Azadirachta indica and Spondias mombin on the Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal Axis of Zidovudine Stress Induced Wistar Rats. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 29 (5). pp. 1-15. ISSN 2347565X

[thumbnail of 26598-Article Text-49919-1-10-20190109.pdf] Text
26598-Article Text-49919-1-10-20190109.pdf - Published Version

Download (1MB)

Abstract

The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functions in the maintenance of homeostasis in the various systems of the body. This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-oxidant effect of Azadirachta indica and Spondias mombin on the Hypothalamic-Pituitary- Adrenal axis of zidovudine stress induced wistar rats. 25 adult male wistar rats having an average weight of 180g were used for this study and were divided into 5 groups; group A, group B, group C, group D and group E. Group A is the negative control group that received rat chow and water , group B served as the positive control group that received the administration of 450mg/kg body weight of zidovudine drug, group C received 450mg/kg body weight of zidovudine drug and 500mg/kg body weight of Azadirachta indica, group D received 450mg/kg body weight of zidovudine and 500mg/kg body weight of Spondias mombin leaf extract, while group E received 450mg/kg body weight of zidovudine drug and a combination of 500mg/kg body weight of Azadirachta indica and Spondias mombin. The administration was carried out once a day using orogastric tube for a period of 21 days. At the end of the administration, the rats were sacrificed using chlorofoam inhalation technique, and the whole brain was fixed in 10% neutral buffered formal saline, Blood samples for biochemical estimation were taken. Light microscopic evaluation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis using Haematoxylin and Eosin for group A showed prominent hypothalamic neurons, group B showed degeneration of neurons and presence of vacoules, group C, D,and E showed less vacoules and prominent neurons with lesser vacoules and more prominence of neurons in group C. Haematoxylin and eosin stains for group A, C, and E of the rat pituitary gland, showed prominent acidophilic and basophilic cells with presence of blood vessels, while results of group B and D showed presence of vacoulation with less prominent acidophilic and basophilic cells, Haematoxylin and eosin results for group A showed presence of all the 3 layers of the adrenal cortex and medulla, group B of rat adrenal gland showed presence of haemorrhage in the medulla layer and reticularis, group C had lesser haemorrhage when compared to group D and E. Results of Orange G showed prominence in the acidophilic and basophilic cells in Group A, C, D and E and B showed lesser prominence of orange G stains. Cresoyl Fast Violet stains showed more prominent nissl substance in group A, D, when and E while group B showed a reduction in the expression of nissl stains. Results for stastistical analysis of glutathione peroxidase showed an increase in GPX for group D, when compared to groupA, C and E, and B at (p<0.05), results of Malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased in group B (p<0.05) when compared to group A, C, D and E. Hence this study proves that single administration of methanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica or Spondias mombin may have neuroprotective potentials and anti-oxidant properties when compared with a combination of the methanolic leaf extract of Azadirachta indica and Spondias mombin leaf extract.

Item Type: Article
Subjects: Science Global Plos > Biological Science
Depositing User: Unnamed user with email support@science.globalplos.com
Date Deposited: 10 Oct 2023 05:53
Last Modified: 10 Oct 2023 05:53
URI: http://ebooks.manu2sent.com/id/eprint/1461

Actions (login required)

View Item
View Item