Comparison of frequency of symptomatic kidney stone and risk factors of coronary artery disease in patients with coronary artery stenosis and patients without coronary artery disease, 2017

Background: Kidney stone disease is one of the common disorders of the urinary tract that can be linked to the coronary heart disease due to common risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and high uric acid levels. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the association between kidney stones and coronary heart disease.

Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, 600 patients referred to Shahid Chamran Hospital of Isfahan who were candidate for coronary artery angiography were divided into two groups including with coronary stenosis (positive) and without coronary stenosis (negative). The demographic and clinical findings including history of kidney stones of the patients were collected using a designed questionnaire.

Results: 28.4% of the patients in the positive angiography group and 5% of the patients in the negative angiography group had kidney stone disease (P=0.001). Furthermore, 20.7% of the patients in the positive angiography group, and 7.5% of the patients in the negative angiography group had history of kidney stone disease (P = 0.04). The frequency of hypertension in the positive angiogram group (49.6%) was significantly higher than the negative angiography group (32.5%) (P=0.04).

Conclusion: Kidney stone disease is associated with coronary artery disease. Therefore, interventions to prevent kidney stones, especially with blood pressure control which is considered as a risk factor for both diseases, can reduce the risk of coronary artery disease. However, more extensive studies are needed to confirm the effect of kidney stone disease on the risk of coronary heart disease.