Determining the Correlation of Fetal Middle Cerebral Artery Doppler Indices in IUGR Pregnancies

Background and Objectives: Doppler velocimetry studies of placental and foetal circulation can provide crucial information about foetal well-being, allowing for better foetal outcomes. The current study sought to determine the role of foetal middle cerebral artery blood velocity waveforms, Systolic/Diastolic ratio (S/D), Pulsatility Index (PI), and Resistance Index (RI) as predictors of perinatal outcome in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) pregnancies in the second and third trimesters.

Methods: 50 cases of IUGR were investigated in the study group during the second and third trimesters. They underwent ultrasonography biometry first, followed by middle cerebral artery Doppler sonography.

Results: During the second to third trimester, the S/D ratio, PI, and RI in the middle cerebral artery decline in both the control and study groups.When compared to the control group, the research group's values were lower. As a result of the current research, it is predicted that: a) Lower PI values were suggestive of fetal hypoxia. b) The lower numbers are due to hypoxia-induced vasodilation, which allows more blood to reach the brain and protect it from the harmful consequences of hypoxia.As a result, the brain is spared from harm.

Interpretation and Conclusion: Doppler is a noninvasive technique that can be used to evaluate the fetomaternal and uteroplacental circulations. The indicators of the middle cerebral artery were found to be useful in predicting the outcome of IUGR pregnancies.