Immunological Bases of Successful and Unsuccessful Pregnancy: HLA Sensitization Therapy in Cases of Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion

The etiology of recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) is generally unclear and can be multifactorial, with much controversy regarding diagnosis and treatment with varying degrees of success. However, most cases of RSA remain unexplained and associated with certain autoimmune and alloimmune diseases.

Here, the efficacy of immunotherapy with paternal HLA-sensitizing mononuclear cells in cases of RSA was evaluated through the positivity of the cross-match test and the pregnancy success.

A total of twelve couples with a history of RSA presenting negative cross-match were included in the study. Women underwent intradermal immunotherapy with paternal mononuclear cells at three doses.

The study showed a positivity of (96.6%) in the crossmatch test after immunotherapy, of which (90.9%) had successful pregnancies. In the studied cohort, immunotherapy with paternal mononuclear cells was efficient in sensitizing the maternal immune system resulting in a successful pregnancy therefore becoming an excellent alternative treatment and hope for couples with this problem.